Over Population in the Philippines - 2405 Words

Overpopulation in the Philippines 1. Introduction 1.1 Purpose of the study: to discuss and cite ways on how to prevent overpopulation in the Philippines. 1.2 Significance of the study: to make people realize how alarming is overpopulation. 2. Meaning of Overpopulation 3. Overpopulation facts 3.1 Causes of Overpopulation 3.2 Effects of Overpopulation 3.3 Solutions to Overpopulation 4. Manila: A megacity where the living must share with the dead ( Jenny Kleeman’s Article ) 5. Conclusion 1. Introduction The purpose of the study is to discuss about overpopulation in our country. Using library research and internet. I will elaborate the causes and effects, as well as the†¦show more content†¦Some writers even suggest making life or death lottery choices a routine event. (http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_solutions_to_overpopulation) 4. Manila: A megacity where the living must share with the dead ( Jenny Kleeman’s Article ) As I read the article of Johnny Kleeman, he merely stated that Manila is an example of an overpopulated place. He called manila â€Å"the largest graveyard capital of the Philippines†. Many people died from poverty. Land is precious in Manila, and people are prepared to endure incredible circumstances to claim their own piece. Bakings family is one of hundreds that have set up home in the cemetery, jostling for space with the dead. Its much better living here than in a shanty town, he assures me as we clamber over densely-packed powder pink and blue tombs on the way to his home. Its much more peaceful and quiet. (Kleeman, 2010) The world is facing an overpopulation crisis. In 40 years time, if current growth rates continue, the number of people on the planet will be almost one and a half times what it is today, rising from 6.8 billion to 9.2 billion by 2050. As population increases, so does competition for basic resources – land, food, water and fuel – as well as the threat of environmental devastation and endemic disease. Our numbers are going to be unsustainable within a few years. Most of the 10,000 babies born every hour are going to grow up in urban settlements: more than halfShow MoreRelatedGeography of the Philippines essay1402 Words   |  6 Pagesprevailing weather patterns over time of a region, also has drastic effects on society and cultures, and these statements are especially true in the South East Asian nation of the Philippines. The Republic of the Philippines is an archipelago, or chain of islands, located off the south-eastern coast of Asia. Consisting of over 7,000 volcanic islands with a total land area of nearly 300,000 square kilometers (approximately the size of Arizona), islands of the Philippines are predominantly mountainousRead MoreCultural Influences Of The Philippines1601 Words   |  7 Pages The Cultural Influences of the Philippines SSG Thurber, Michael J. ALC Class: 002-16 Introductory In a few hundred years, traditional Filipino Culture has changed. It went from developed tribes to a more modern day society. In this essay we will be discussing the unique culture of the Philippines and the causes of that culture. Such as, the regional location, growth in population, military conflicts, before and after the Spanish colonization, the Spanish-American War, theRead MoreTerrorism in the Philippines Essay1131 Words   |  5 PagesThe Philippines was once a colony of the United States. The United States gained control of the Philippine after the Spanish American War of 1898. The war was really over Cuba , the United States just got the Philippines as well as Samoa as a constellation prize. During World War II, Japan seized control of the Philippine Islands. The battle of the Philippines started on December 8, 1941 and ended on May 8, 1942. After the war we took back the Philippines. After World War II the United States andRead MoreThe Most Crucial Problem of Philippin e: Deforestation1153 Words   |  5 PagesPhilippine Deforestation: Final Paper Deforestation is one of the most crucial problem of the Philippines today, because of poor economic performance, weak polices, legal institutions and government laws, increasing population, poverty, corruption , agricultural expansion and lastly, extensive commercial logging activities. Philippines is a beautiful country rich in its biodiversity and natural resources, the country has 7,107 islands with a land area of 300,000 square kilometers. UnfortunatelyRead MoreThe Philippine Philippines Culture And Culture Essay1329 Words   |  6 Pages The Philippines is a country deeply rooted in culture. The Army defines culture as a â€Å"dynamic social system† containing the values, beliefs, behaviors, and the norms of a â€Å"specific group, organization or society or other collectively† learned, shared, internalized, and changeable by all members of the society (FM 3-24 COUNTERINSURGENCY, 2006). Cultures have different characteristics which consist of shared, learned, symbols, integrated and dynamic. Culture The Philippine islands are brokenRead MoreThe Issue Of Abortion On The Philippines Essay1620 Words   |  7 Pages Abortion in the Philippines Julian Mayugba Hudson County Community College Abstract This paper goes over the legality status of abortion, the risks of illegal abortion, the overpopulation problem related to pregnancy, the limited availability of contraceptives, and how religion ties these things together in the Philippines. I was inspired to write about pregnancy in the Philippines after learning one of my female friends in the Philippines, who is about the same age as me, had gotten pregnantRead MoreThe Republic Of The Philippines1600 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The Philippines, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines, is a sovereign island that comprises an archipelago of 7,107 islands located off Southeast Asia, between the Philippine Sea on the east and the South China Sea on the west. The islands are categorized broadly under three major islands which are Luzon in the north, the Visayan Islands in the center, and Mindanao in the south. The Philippines total area is approximately 300,000 sq km, which includes approximately 298Read MoreThe Development Of The Philippines1419 Words   |  6 PagesThe Philippines is located in the South-East region of Asia, this region consists of other countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam, and others. The Philippines would be categorized as a developing country in stage three of the demographic transition model. With a falling birth rate of 24.24 per every 1000 people, with a low death rate of 4.92 per every 1000 people. With a population of 107.668.231 as of 2014, their me dian age is 23.5 years of age resulting in a very young populationRead MoreCharacteristics Of Culture In The Philippines910 Words   |  4 Pagesthe creativity and imagination a country’s culture has to offer. Cultural characteristics define a country as its own and produces an effective way to separate one country from another. The Republic of the Philippines is one of the most popular countries in the Pacific Asia. The Philippines is a country made of many beautiful islands and vacation hot spots that attract many tourists. Filipinos are known for their positive attitudes and hospitable characteristics. They are known for a huge varietyRead MoreThe Most Active Volcano Of The Philippines1179 Words   |  5 PagesThe Philippines is an area of many islands in various sizes that are grouped together to make the Philippines. It is located on The Ring of Fire which is an area where there are many volcanos and earthquakes. The most active volcano is The Mayon Volcano and is considered highly dangerous but so is another Mount Pintatubo erupted in 1991. The islands are mountainous, narrow coastal plains, and most are covered by rain forests. The Philippines has many rivers and lakes. Some rivers are Abra, Bicol

Essay on The Harlem Renaissance - 1187 Words

The Harlem Renaissance The Harlem Renaissance refers to a prolific period of unique works of African-American expression from about the end of World War I to the beginning of the Great Depression. Although it is most commonly associated with the literary works produced during those years, the Harlem Renaissance was much more than a literary movement; similarly, it was not simply a reaction against and criticism of racism. The Harlem Renaissance inspired, cultivated, and, most importantly, legitimated the very idea of an African-American cultural consciousness. Concerned with a wide range of issues and possessing different interpretations and solutions of these issues affecting the Black population, the writers, artists, performers and†¦show more content†¦These migrations created the first urban Black communities in the North, which flourished in Chicago, New York, Detroit, and Cleveland.[ii] In New York, in particular, a â€Å"sizeable chunk of real estate in the heart of Manhattan† had been available, and, as it came to be occupied by Blacks, had become the site of â€Å"a series of literary discussions in the lower Manhattan (Greenwich Village) and upper Manhattan (Harlem) sections.† These discussions were largely influenced by an increased availability of African-American literature, one of the most important being the publication of The New Negro, an anthology of works compiled by Alain Leroy Locke. Locke compared the northern migration of Blacks to â€Å"something like a spiritual emancipation,† and the anthology exposed people to the works of Langston Hughes, Claude McKay, Zora Neale Hurston, among many others. These discussions became known as the New Negro Movement, and as they fueled other social activity, specifically in a spirit of ‘progressivism’ that believed in â€Å"art and literature as agents of social change,† th e Harlem Renaissance.[2] Although the works were about race and/or concerned about race, it is important to note that there was not a single sociopolitical vision that dominated the works of the Renaissance. In addition to Locke, there were two other extremely influentialShow MoreRelatedHarlem And The Harlem Renaissance Essay2269 Words   |  10 Pagessouthern African Americans migrated to a city called Harlem in New York. They relocated due to dogmatism and intolerance of melanin diverging out the of pores of many white southerners. The African Americans who migrated found new opportunities both economic and artistic that resulted to the creation of a stable middle class Black –Americans (Dover, 2006). This was the Harlem Renaissance a cultural, social, and artistic explosion. The core of Harlem expressed by Alain Locke is that through art, â€Å"negroRead MoreHarlem And The Harlem Renaissance1430 Words   |  6 Pagesmoved in to urban cities such as Chicago, Detroit, and Harlem. Out of these nort hern metropolises, the most popular was Harlem; â€Å"here in Manhattan (Harlem) is not merely the largest Negro community in the world, but the first concentration in history of so many diverse element of Negro life†(1050). Harlem became the mecca of black people, and between the years of 1920 and the late 1930s it was known as the Harlem Renaissance. The Harlem Renaissance, brought artiest, poets, writers, musicians, and intelligentRead MoreThe Harlem Renaissance850 Words   |  4 Pages Giselle Villanueva History IB Mr. Flores February 7, 2016 Period 4 Word Count: 693 Harlem Renaissance The Harlem Renaissance was the first period in the history of the United States in which a group of black poets, authors, and essayist seized the opportunity to express themselves. The Great Migration was the movement of six million African Americans from the rural South to the cities of the North during 1916 to 1970. Driven from their homes by unsatisfactory economic opportunities and harsh segregationistRead MoreThe Harlem Renaissance1154 Words   |  5 PagesIV AP 16 November 2015 The Harlem Renaissance The early 1900s was a time marked with tragedy in America. Started and ended with the Great Depression in between, it was not America s finest moment. Prohibition was in place, the Klu Klux Klan was still marching, and the Lost Generation was leaving for Paris. But despite the troubling times, people still found beauty and meaning in the world around them. They still created art and celebrated life. The Harlem Renaissance was an artistic and literaryRead MoreThe Harlem Renaissance941 Words   |  4 PagesThe Harlem Renaissance was a cultural movement, in the early 1920’s, that involved vibrancies of new life, ideas, and perceptions. The large migration of African Americans northward, after World War I, allowed people of color the opportunity to collaborate in the New York City neighborhood, known as Harlem. This renaissance allowed the city to thrive on a refined understanding and appreciation of the arts. Many individuals were involved in this movement including doctors, s tudents, shopkeepers,Read MoreThe Harlem Renaissance1317 Words   |  6 Pagesday is the Harlem Renaissance. The Harlem Renaissance is the cultural movement of the 1920’s. The movement essentially kindled a new black cultural identity through art, literature and intellect. The Harlem Renaissance started during the Roaring Twenties. It took place in Harlem, New York. It became most prominent in the mid to late 1920’s and it diminished toward the early 1930’s (Henderson). The Harlem Renaissance was initially called the New Negro Movement or the New Negro Renaissance. It was theRead More The Harlem Renaissance Essay1513 Words   |  7 PagesThe Harlem Renaissance      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Chapter 1 Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Harlem Renaissance, an African American cultural movement of the 1920s and early 1930s that was centered in the Harlem neighborhood of New York City. According to Wintz: The Harlem Renaissance was â€Å"variously known as the New Negro movement, the New Negro Renaissance, and the Negro Renaissance, the movement emerged toward the end of World War I in 1918, blossomed in the mid- to late 1920s, and then withered in the mid-1930sRead MoreHarlem Renaissance Essay1069 Words   |  5 PagesHARLEM RENAISSANCE Throughout the history of African Americans, there have been important historical figures as well as times. Revered and inspirational leaders and eras like, Martin Luther King and the Civil Rights Movement, Nat Turner and the slave revolt, or Huey Newton and the Black Panther Party. One such period that will always remain a significant part of black art and culture is the Harlem Renaissance. It changed the meaning of art and poetry, as it was known then. Furthermore, theRead More The Harlem Renaissance Essay1031 Words   |  5 PagesHARLEM RENAISSANCE Throughout the history of African Americans, there have been important historical figures as well as times. Revered and inspirational leaders and eras like, Martin Luther King and the Civil Rights Movement, Nat Turner and the slave revolt, or Huey Newton and the Black Panther Party. One such period that will always remain a significant part of black art and culture is the Harlem Renaissance. It changed the meaning of art and poetry, as it was known then. Furthermore, theRead MoreThe Harlem Renaissance Of The 1920s1557 Words   |  7 Pagesnot until the evil intentions of slavery crossed mankind’s thoughts that hue became our downfall, our separator. White supremacy eroded the idea of equality, and darker hues began to symbolize worthlessness, inferiority, and ugliness. The Harlem Renaissance of the 1920s evoked the idea of black consciousness and pride. It was a movement established to express black literature, art, music, and culture. Blacks began to wear their dark hue like a badge of honor. Art, literature, and music became the

Aids Awareness †2 Free Essays

World AIDS Day, observed on 1 December every year, is dedicated to raising awareness of the AIDS  pandemic  caused by the spread of HIV infection. Government and health officials observe the day, often with speeches or forums on the AIDS topics. Since 1995, the President of the United States has made an official  proclamation  on World AIDS Day. We will write a custom essay sample on Aids Awareness – 2 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Governments of other nations have followed suit and issued similar announcements. AIDS has killed more than 25 million people between 1981 and 2007,[1]  and an estimated 33. million people worldwide live with HIV as of 2007,[2]  making it one of the most destructive epidemics in recorded history. Despite recent, improved access to antiretroviral treatment and care in many regions of the world, the AIDS epidemic claimed an estimated 2 million lives in 2007,[3]  of which about 270,000 were children. [4] World AIDS Day was first conceived in August 1987 by James W. Bunn and Thomas Netter, two public information officers for the Global Programme on AIDS at the  World Health Organization  in Geneva, Switzerland. [5][6]  Bunn and Netter took their idea to Dr. Jonathan Mann, Director of the Global Programme on AIDS (now known as  UNAIDS). Dr. Mann liked the concept, approved it, and agreed with the recommendation that the first observance of World AIDS Day should be 1 December 1988. Bunn, a broadcast journalist on a leave-of-absence from his reporting duties at KPIX-TV in San Francisco, recommended the date of 1 December believing it would maximize coverage by western news media. Since 1988 was an election year in the U. S. , Bunn suggested that media outlets would be weary of their post-election coverage and eager to find a fresh story to cover. Bunn and Netter determined that 1 December was long enough after the election and soon enough before the Christmas holidays that it was, in effect, a dead spot in the news calendar and thus perfect timing for World AIDS Day. On 18 June 1986 KPIX’S â€Å"AIDS Lifeline† (a community education project initiated by Bunn and KPIX Special Projects Producer Nancy Saslow) was honored with a Presidential Citation for Private Sector Initiatives presented by President Ronald Reagan. Because of his role in â€Å"AIDS Lifeline† Bunn was asked by Dr. Mann, on behalf of the U. S. government, to take a two-year leave-of-absence to join Dr. Mann, an epidemiologist for the Centers for Disease Control, and assist in the creation of the Global Programme on AIDS for the United Nations’ World Health Organization. Mr. Bunn accepted and was named the first Public Information Officer for the Global Programme on AIDS. Bunn and Netter conceived, designed, and implemented the inaugural World AIDS Day observance – now the longest-running disease awareness and prevention initiative of its kind in the history of public health. The  Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS  (UNAIDS) became operational in 1996, and it took over the planning and promotion of World AIDS Day. 7]  Rather than focus on a single day, UNAIDS created the World AIDS Campaign in 1997 to focus on year-round communications, prevention and education. [7][8] In its first two years, the theme of World AIDS Day focused on children and young people. These themes were strongly criticized at the time for ignoring the fact that people of all ages may become infected with HIV and suffer from AIDS. [7]  But the themes drew attention to the HIV/AIDS epidemic, helped alleviate some of the stigma surrounding the disease, and helped boost recognition of the problem as a family disease. 7] In 2004, the World AIDS Campaign became an independent organization. [7][8][9] Each year, Popes  John Paul II  and  Benedict XVI  have released a greeting message for patients and doctors on World AIDS Day. [10][11][12][13][14][15] In 2007, the  White House  began marking World AIDS Day with the iconic display of a 28-foot AIDS Ribbon on the building’s North Portico. [16]  The display, now an annual tradition, quickly garnered attention, as it was the first banner, sign or symbol to prominently hang from the White House since the  Abraham Lincoln  administration. ———————————————— [edit]Choosing the theme From its inception until 2004,  UNAIDS  spearheaded the World AIDS Day campaign, choosing annual themes in consultation with other global health organizations. As of 2008, each year’s World AIDS Day theme is chosen by the World AIDS Campaign’s Global Steering Committee after extensive consultation with people, organizations and government agencies involved in the prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS. [7]  For each World AIDS Day from 2005 through 2010, the theme will be â€Å"Stop AIDS. Keep the Promise. â€Å", with a yearly sub-theme. 7]  This overarching theme is designed to encourage political leaders to keep their commitment to achieve universal access to HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment, care, and support by the year 2010. [7] This theme is not specific to World AIDS Day, but is used year-round in WAC’s efforts to highlight HIV/AIDS awareness within the context of other major global events including the  G8 Summit. World AIDS Campaign also conducts †Å"in-country† campaigns throughout the world, like the  Student Stop AIDS Campaign, an infection-awareness campaign targeting young people throughout the UK. Today many people around the world are infected with a serious disease called  AIDS. Unfortunately, the disease has led to many deaths worldwide and yet it still remains untreatable. Many Public Health Departments are now taking the lead in publicizing education about AIDS. Public awareness and prevention programs are possible solutions to the spread of AIDS. The issue of this paper is on AIDS Prevention Programs that target women. One outlook is that prevention programs that target women will reduce the number of infections around the world. People opposed to this believe that prevention programs should aim more towards males. The disease is obviously an important social issue which impacts people worldwide. Certain associations and studies believe that women are more at danger then men for contracting HIV/AIDS. They believe prevention programs should be focused merely on women. AIDS cases for women are increasing each year and women are one of the fastest growing populations being infected. At the end of 2002, UNAIDS, a Joint United Nations Progamme on HIV/AIDS, reported that 38. 6 million adults are infected with HIV or AIDS worldwide. Roughly 50% or 19. 2 million are women. Globally speaking, most women infected with HIV or AIDS are from developing countries. The fastest spread of AIDS among women is in sub-Saharan Africa. In 1999, for the first time more women than men were infected with HIV. Out of 22. 3 million people infected in sub Saharan Africa 12. 2 million, or 55%, are female. Of the 1. 1 million youth infected in south Asia, 62% are female. According to research by the CDC, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the amount of AIDS cases in women have more than tripled in the United States. Since 1985, 7% of women were affected to 25% in 1999. With the number of AIDS cases in women increasing, organizations are relying on prevention programs aimed towards women to be the effective solution to prevent the spread of the virus amongst men and women. We can write a custom essay on AIDS for you! In contrary to the opposing viewpoint, reports by UNAIDS felt that men should be the main focus in the prevention programs. In 2000, UNAIDS commenced a World AIDS Campaign which pushed for men to become more involved in preventing the spread of the AIDS outbreak. We must stop seeing men as some kind of problem and begin seeing them as part of the solution,† according to Dr Peter Piot, the head director of UNAIDS. â€Å"Working with men to change their behavior and attitudes has tremendous potential to slow down the epidemic. It will also improve the lives of men themselves, not to mention those of their families. † There are several reasons why men should remain the main target to the prevention of the epidemic. The focus is mainly on changing sexual behaviors amongst men. Men grow up with certain beliefs and attitudes on how they should behave when dealing with intercourse. Dr. Elvira Belingon, Department of Health STD/AIDS Coordinator in Cordillera explained that worldwide studies prove that men are at a greater risk of spreading the disease because they are likely to have more unprotected intercourse and sexual partners than women do. â€Å"Too often, it is seen as ‘unmanly’ to worry about avoiding drug-related risks, or to bother with condoms,† said Dr Piot. UNAIDS feel these cultural beliefs and expectations allow men to become vulunerable to AIDS which endangers their own health or the health of their partners and family. This vulnerability has already affected gay and bisexual men in the United States. Sexually transmitted diseases such as syphilis have rose for the second year in a row. The government feels that gays and bisexuals are more susceptible to these sexually transmitted diseases and with the help of these prevention programs they can decrease that number. In order to help control the AIDS epidemic, organization’s feel prevention programs should focus more on men’s behavior. I believe that prevention programs should be aimed towards women because of he steady increase of infections year to year. Women are more susceptible to HIV infection for several reasons. Biologically, females are estimated to be eight times more likely of receiving and HIV transmission from a male compared to female-to-male transmission. In 1997, the CDC reported that 38% of women received HIV through heterosexual intercourse opposed to 7% of men. Women are more at risk because the surface area in a fema le’s genital tract is greater exposed than in males. During intercourse larger amounts of semen fluids are released than in vaginal fluids. This puts women at risk because semen contains a higher amount of HIV. Also, women often have sexually transmitted infections that are left untreated, which increases exposure to HIV. Women who have STDs, sexually transmitted diseases, especially those that cause ulcerations make it easier for HIV to enter the body. Genital sores and immune reactions related with STDs face a greater risk of HIV infection. Treatment of STDs can be an efficient HIV prevention tactic if prevention programs educate women on this exposure. Other biological factors deal with young women among the ages of 13 to 19. Girls in Charge coordinator, Judah-Abijah Dorrington, explained that 49% of all the AIDS cases reported in the United States since 1997 were among these young women. This age group is infected because they have not fully completed their biological development. Many of the women obtained HIV in their teens because of â€Å"having an underdeveloped cervix and low vaginal mucus production. † In the report by AIDS Weekly, young women are found to have three to five times higher HIV infections than among boys. â€Å"Young women really are being viewed as the population with the largest number of new infections,† said Dr. Cynthia Gomez, professor for the AIDS Prevention Center at the University of California at San Francisco. â€Å"They don’t realize they’re at risk, partly because we’ve only emphasized certain groups, rather than behaviors. † Women are vulnerable to infection for their lack of power within sexual relationships and sexual violence. Women’s lack of power makes it difficult for them to negotiate safer sex with partners. Women tend not to discuss condom use within relationships in fear of rejection or loss of economic support. When women are in committed relationships, they mainly focus on the intimacy in their relationship. They assume they are in a monogamous relationship with their partner. Unsafe sex becomes more important than protection against HIV. This dependence of men increases the risk of AIDS for women. A report from Secretary General of the United Nation, Kofi Annan concluded, â€Å"The gender dynamics of the epidemic are far-reaching due to women’s weaker ability to negotiate safe sex, and their generally lower social and economic status. † Studies in Africa have uncovered that many married women have been infected by their husband. The powerlessness of women to reject sex with their husband has been a major cause of transmission to women. Women’s dependence on men makes women less able to protect themselves against AIDS. Typically, men make most decisions about when, where, and how to have sex. In developing countries, women usually maintain little control over their bodies and hold little decision-making power. Violence against women increases their helplessness to HIV and decreases their ability to defend themselves against infection. According to a study, â€Å"physical and sexual abuse were ‘disturbingly common’ throughout life among women at high risk for HIV infection†¦women who have been abused are more likely to use crack cocaine and have multiple sex partners. This puts women are at greater risk for rape or sexual force. Also, some women are forced to enter into sex work or short-term partnerships to exchange sex for economic gain or survival including food, refuge, and security. In many cases, women are in danger merely because they are reliant on their husbands for survival and sup port. This hinders and restricts their decision making and negotiating control. Sex workers are at a high risk for infection, mainly when they do not have the ability to negotiate with customers who refuse to wear a condom. In order to prevent the spread of AIDS I feel public health agencies need to raise public awareness by promoting prevention programs for women. If women are educated on the biological and social factors of AIDS, women may have more of a chance to change their behaviors before the possibility of becoming infected with HIV. Programs that specifically target women will have a positive impact on women in the long-run. As new AIDS cases are increasing quickly through heterosexual contact focus on the prevention programs will take on even greater importance. People that agree with the statement that AIDS prevention programs should target women believe that women are vulnerable to HIV infection biologically and socially. To decrease infections of the AIDS virus women change their standard of living especially for women in developing countries through these prevention programs. Those that disagree focus HIV prevention efforts on heterosexual male sexual behavior. By changing male cultural and socialization patterns interventions can be effective. A widespread HIV prevention policy uses many essentials to protect as many people at risk for HIV as possible. How to cite Aids Awareness – 2, Essay examples

ICT Related Ethical Issue for Greek Micro Data- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theICT Related Ethical Issue for Greek Micro Data. Answer: Introduction Computers and communication technology have made a major impact in every sphere of life. Ethics is defined as what would be good for an individual and society. It establishes the duties of the people. Technological invention has their own positive and negative impacts towards the society. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) help in providing easy and efficient means to store and retrieve information (Arvanitis, Loukis Diamantopoulou, 2013). They also suffer from copyrighted materials or piracy, data, software, music, video at a larger scale. The major issues that surround the applications of ICT are ownership, privacy, professionalism, values, responsibility and social implications. In order to address the issues related to ICT, it is necessary to inspect the legal and ethical aspects of ICT (Stahl, Eden Jirotka, 2013). Case Study of Verizon Enterprise In 2017, it was reported that the data of Verizon Enterprise from 6 million users had been leaked. The names, phone numbers and addresses of several customers of the enterprise had been exposed on the online platform. It was reported that the data breach was done by one of the vendors of the company. Verizon in his statement had reported that the important data of 6 million customers were available publicly. The error in the system due to the data breach had made the phone numbers of the customers, names and some PIN codes to be available publicly. This was done by an employee of Nice Systems who had put the information into the area of cloud storage and had permitted external access to the information (Gillman et al., 2015). The security firm had analyzed that a sample of data and came to a conclusion that some of the PIN codes were hidden but most of the other data was visible next to the phone numbers of the customers. According to a cyber-resilience analyst, he reported that the exposed PIN codes is a matter of high concern. The exposed PIN codes can allow hackers to gain unauthorized access to the privacy of the phone of an individual. After gaining access to the phone, if they are able to convince a customer service agent, they could be the account holder of the phone. Based on the recent attack on the Verizon Enterprise, it was highly recommended by the security firm that the customers of Verizon should update their PIN codes as to protect the information (Romanosky, Hoffman Acquisti, 2014). Analysis of the Classical Ethical Theory Based on the Case Study The case of the Verizon Enterprise can be analyzed on the basis of the four classical theories of ethics. The four ethical theories includes utilitarianism, deontology, virtue and social contract (Stahl et al., 2014). Utilitarianism: This is a moral theory that places the focus on the right or wrong decisions. Based on the utilitarian approach, it could be implied that no such moral act is right or wrong. In fact, the wrongness or rightness of an act would be dependent on the non-moral good acts that are produced in the consequences. Based on the data breach of the Verizon, the utilitarianism theory can provide an answer to a practical question that what should be done by the enterprise in such situations. The answer would determine his act to produce the best consequences (Craft, 2013). Deontology: This kind of moral theory is able to place an emphasis on the relation between morality and duty of the actions of humans. In this kind of theory in ethics, a particular action is considered to be morally good due to the characteristic of the action itself rather than determining whether the product of the action is good. This kind of theory is based on the moral decision making and view of the people (Al-Aidaros, Shamsudin Idris, 2013). Based on the deontology theory, the Verizon Enterprise can determine the course of actions which need to be followed by making the right decisions. They should be able to distinguish the right acts from the wrong. This theory is easy to apply as it requires the people of the enterprise to follow the rules and thus perform their duty. Virtue: This theory in ethics is a broad term based on the theories. This theory highlights the role of virtue and character in the moral philosophy rather than determining the duty of an individual or acting to bring good concerns. The theory does not provide guidance of the act of an individual as there are no such clear principles. The theories of virtue in ethics can provide a self-centered conception of ethics (Crossan, Mazutis Seijts, 2013). The Ethical Theories of virtue highlights the fact that the ethical value of an individual could be determined with their character. The character is often referred to the virtues, intentions and inclinations that impose a person to act in an ethical manner. These kind of ethics can help in the case study of Verizon Enterprise. This theory in ethics can determine the self-regulation, truthfulness, honesty of the employees of the workplace. Social Contract: This kind of theory is a moral system that could come into being by virtue of some agreements between individuals and organizations. According to the definition of this theory, each individual or organization has the freedom to act in certain ways in such a way that it could satisfy their own natural desires and to avoid dislike situations. The theory of social contract suggests that different individuals and organizations should reside together in a society (Mansell, 2015). This should be in accordance with an agreement, which could establish political and moral rules of behavior. Social contract theories can help in providing various accounts of the nature of humans and social processes that can conflict with the shape, compliance and cooperation. The ideas related to this theory can be applicable to the challenges that are faced by the existing administration of the public. A deep consideration of the theory of social contract can be helpful in yielding a sense of realism. The social contract theory cannot be applicable to the particular case study related to the data breach in the Verizon Enterprise. Conclusion Based on the case study of Verizon Enterprise, it could be concluded that the data breach is an important area of concern. Data breaches can lead to serious issues for the company and their customers who trust and depend on the enterprise. It could be highly recommendable that the security aspects related to the Verizon Enterprise should be taken into consideration. The data should be highly encrypted. Ethics in ICT should be concerned with the analysis of individual intentional action. The standard topics of ethics in ICT such as invasion in privacy, misuse of personal data lead them to such analysis. However a different set of issues could exist which could be of greater importance and could play a great role in ICT for globalization. Every developments in the field of technology are a need for the betterment of the society and could help in the upliftment of the society (Wakunuma Stahl, 2014). References Al-Aidaros, A. H., Shamsudin, F. M., Idris, K. M. (2013). Ethics and ethical theories from an Islamic perspective.International Journal of Islamic Thought,4, 1. Arvanitis, S., Loukis, E., Diamantopoulou, V. (2013). Are ICT, workplace organization and human capital relevant for innovation? A comparative study based on Swiss and Greek micro data. Craft, J. L. (2013). A review of the empirical ethical decision-making literature: 20042011.Journal of business ethics,117(2), 221-259. 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